What Makes A Disease Chronic – Kidney disease means that your kidneys stop working properly and begin to lose function. Chronic kidney disease (CKD) gets worse over time. High blood pressure and diabetes are two common causes of CKD. There is no cure for CKD, but steps can be taken to preserve function for as long as possible. End-stage kidney disease requires dialysis or a kidney transplant.
Chronic kidney disease is when the kidneys stop filtering out the waste that floods them. You may experience noticeable symptoms such as foamy urine, feeling more tired, or itchy skin.
What Makes A Disease Chronic
Chronic kidney disease (CKD and CKD) means that your kidneys are damaged and do not function properly. The kidneys are like filters for the body. Filters waste, toxins and extra fluid from the blood. It also helps with other functions, such as bone and red blood cell health. When the kidneys begin to lose their function, they are unable to filter out waste products. This means that waste products build up in the blood.
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Kidney disease is called “chronic” because kidney function slowly declines over time. CKD can lead to kidney failure, also called end-stage renal disease. Not everyone with CKD develops kidney failure, but the disease often worsens without treatment. There is no cure for chronic kidney disease. However, there are steps you can take to slow kidney damage. Treatments such as dialysis and transplant are options for kidney failure (end-stage renal disease).
You have two kidneys. This is a bean-shaped organ located on the back, on either side of the spine, just below the rib cage. Each kidney is about the size of a fist.
The kidneys have many roles, but their main job is to cleanse the blood and remove toxins, waste, and excess water through urine (pee). The kidneys also balance the amount of electrolytes (salt, potassium, etc.) and minerals in the body, make hormones that regulate blood pressure, make red blood cells, and keep bones strong. If the kidneys are damaged and do not function properly, waste products can build up in the blood and cause illness.
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There are five stages of chronic kidney disease. The stage is determined by how well your kidneys can filter waste from the blood. Blood and urine tests will determine what stage of CKD you are in.
Stages range from very mild (stage 1) to kidney failure (stage 5). Your healthcare provider determines your kidney function stage based on your glomerular filtration rate (GFR). GFR is a number based on the amount of creatinine, a waste product found in the blood.
The kidneys do not work properly and show mild to moderate damage. This is the most common step. Symptoms may appear at this stage.
The kidneys are damaged to some extent and do not function properly. With appropriate treatment, many people can stay in this stage and never progress to stage 4.
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Your kidneys are nearly depleted or have stopped working. At this stage, kidney dialysis or kidney transplantation may be needed.
About 15% of American adults have chronic kidney disease. About 37 million people in the United States have chronic kidney disease.
In the early stages of kidney disease, there are usually no noticeable symptoms. As the disease worsens, symptoms may include:
Keep in mind that it can take years for waste products to build up in the blood and cause symptoms.
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There are usually no signs of kidney disease, especially in the early stages. When symptoms begin to appear, the first signs may include swollen hands and feet, itchy skin, or frequent urination. Symptoms vary, so it’s best to contact your health care provider if you think something is wrong.
Kidney disease occurs when the kidneys become damaged and cannot filter blood. In chronic kidney disease, damage tends to occur over many years.
High blood pressure (hypertension) and diabetes are the two most common causes of chronic kidney disease. Other causes and conditions that can affect kidney function and cause chronic kidney disease include:
Yes. Kidney disease can run in biological families. Risk factors for CKD, such as diabetes, also tend to run in families.
Chronic Kidney Disease (ckd): Symptoms & Treatment
First, your health care provider will take your medical history, perform a physical exam, ask about any medications you are currently taking, and ask about any symptoms you may have noticed.
Other tests may include imaging tests to look for problems with the size and structure of the kidneys, such as ultrasound, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and/or computed tomography (CT) scans. Your health care provider may order a kidney biopsy to check for certain types of kidney disease or to determine the extent of kidney damage.
There is no cure for chronic kidney disease (CKD), but you can take steps to keep your kidneys functioning as long as possible. If you have decreased kidney function:
Depending on the cause of your kidney disease, you may be prescribed one or more medications. Medications your nephrologist may prescribe include:
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Because there is no cure for CKD, you and your health care team should consider additional options if you have end-stage renal disease. Complete kidney failure can lead to death if left untreated. Options for end-stage renal disease include dialysis and kidney transplant.
Dialysis is a procedure that uses machines to remove waste products from the body when the kidneys can no longer perform this function. There are two main types of dialysis:
A kidney transplant replaces an unhealthy kidney with a healthy kidney. Kidneys for transplant come from two sources: living donors and deceased donors. Living donors are usually family members, partners, or friends. The reason why living kidney donation is possible is because you can live well with just one healthy kidney.
Deceased donor kidneys usually come from organ donors. All donors are carefully screened to ensure we have a suitable donor and to prevent infectious diseases or other complications.
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On average, people wait about three to five years to receive a kidney from a deceased donor. It is usually faster to receive a kidney from a living donor.
Seeing your health care provider regularly throughout your life is a good start to preventing kidney disease. About 1 in 3 people in the United States is at risk for kidney disease. People at high risk should get regular tests to check for CKD so it can be detected as early as possible. Other things you can do to prevent CKD include:
Even if you have kidney disease, you can still have a productive home and work life and enjoy time with family and friends. To achieve the best possible results, it is important to be an active member of your treatment team.
Early detection and appropriate treatment aimed at preventing or delaying kidney failure are important in slowing the progression of the disease. You should keep your doctor’s appointments, take your medications as prescribed, maintain a nutritious diet, and monitor your blood pressure and blood sugar.
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Although CKD can lead to death, many people with this disease live long and happy lives after diagnosis. Most people who receive treatment for kidney disease and manage their condition do not progress to kidney failure or death. That’s why it’s important to attend all checkups and work with your health care provider to develop a treatment plan.
The leading cause of death in patients with CKD is heart disease, which is actually a complication of CKD. Managing other health conditions that negatively affect your kidneys is also important to maintain kidney function.
Early detection helps prevent kidney disease from worsening into kidney failure. Work with your health care provider to manage conditions known to cause kidney disease. These include diabetes, high blood pressure, and other diseases that affect the kidneys.
Because kidney disease often does not cause symptoms in its early stages, the best thing you can do is work with your health care provider to understand your risks and attend every annual or routine visit.
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You may not know that your kidneys are struggling. Most people do not notice any symptoms of kidney disease in the early stages. That’s why it’s important to attend an annual health checkup with your doctor to manage any chronic conditions, such as diabetes or high blood pressure, that can lead to kidney disease.
For people with healthy kidneys, there are not necessarily bad foods or foods that harm the kidneys. However, if you have CKD, your health care provider may recommend a kidney-healthy diet. Elements of a kidney-friendly diet include:
Following a kidney-healthy diet can be difficult to understand and practice, so it is always a good idea to consult a nutritionist as part of your treatment plan. If you have chronic kidney disease, it may help you make sure you are eating the right types of foods.
The color of your urine should not change, but it may foam or foam. This means there is excess protein in the urine. Excess protein means your kidneys are unable to filter toxins from your body.
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